20+ Ways to Say Hello in Spanish: The Ultimate 2026 Guide 🇪🇸

Ever walked into a bustling plaza in Madrid or a vibrant mercado in Mexico City, opened your mouth to say “Hello,” and suddenly felt your brain freeze? You aren’t alone. While hola is the universal key, relying on it exclusively is like wearing a tuxedo to a beach party: technically correct, but socially awkward. Did you know that in some parts of Colombia, saying hola to a stranger can be seen as too forward, while in Argentina, skipping the ¿Cómo andás? is a missed opportunity for connection?

At Spanish Scholar™, we’ve spent years decoding the intricate dance of Spanish greetings. We’ve seen students master the grammar only to stumble over the besos (kisses) or accidentally use usted with a toddler. This isn’t just a list; it’s your backstage pass to the cultural nuances that turn a simple greeting into a genuine connection. From the laid-back ¿Qué onda? of Mexico to the rapid-fire ¿Qué tal? of Spain, we’re revealing 20+ distinct ways to say hello, complete with the “who, when, and where” that textbooks often skip.

Ready to stop sounding like a tourist and start sounding like a local? Keep reading to discover why Adiós might be the worst word you can use for a quick goodbye, and how to navigate the treacherous waters of vs. usted without offending your new friends.

Key Takeaways

  • Master the Context: Hola is universal, but time-specific greetings like Buenos días and Buenas noches show true cultural fluency.
  • Regional Diversity: There is no single “Spanish”; 20+ variations exist, from the ¿Qué pasa? of Spain to the ¿Qué hubo? of Colombia.
  • Respect is Key: Understanding when to use (informal) versus usted (formal) is more important than perfect pronunciation.
  • Physical Connection: Greetings often involve handshakes, hugs, or air kisses; ignoring these non-verbal cues can create distance.
  • Avoid the “Adiós” Trap: Save Adiós for final farewells; use Hasta luego or Nos vemos for everyday goodbyes.

Table of Contents


⚡️ Quick Tips and Facts

Before we dive into the linguistic deep end, let’s get the absolute essentials out of the way. If you walk into a Spanish-speaking room and only know one word, make it this one: Hola. It’s the Swiss Army knife of greetings, usable at any time of day, with anyone, anywhere. But here’s the kicker: while hola is universal, the way you say it changes everything.

Did you know that in Spain, a simple “Hola” might be followed by two air kisses (one on each cheek), while in Argentina, you might get a firm handshake and a pat on the back? 🤝💋 Context is king, and we’re about to hand you the crown.

Here are the non-negotiables for your Spanish greeting toolkit:

Fact The Gist Why It Matters
Hola The universal “Hello” Works 24/7, with everyone.
Buenos Días Literally “Good Days” (Plural!) Never say “Buen Día” unless you want to sound like a tourist. 🚫
¿Qué tal? “What’s up?” The go-to casual follow-up. No answer needed!
Tú vs. Usted Informal vs. Formal Using the wrong one is like wearing flip-flops to a wedding. 👟👔
Regional Variations “Qué onda” vs. “¿Qué hubo?” Mexico loves onda, Colombia loves hubo. Know your audience!

👉 Pro Tip: If you’re greeting a woman specifically, the nuances get even more interesting. For a deep dive into the charming ways to address the ladies, check out our guide on 7 Charming Ways to Say Hello in Spanish to a Woman.

📜 The Fascinating History of “Hola” and Spanish Greetings

Hola Bona Tarda-printed roll-up metal door gate

You might think “Hola” is as old as the hills, but its origins are surprisingly modern compared to other Romance languages. While the French say bonjour and the Italians say ciao (which comes from the Venetian s-ciao, meaning “slave” or “I am your servant”), hola has a different vibe.

Linguists trace hola back to the Old Spanish ola, which itself likely stems from the Germanic halâ or holâ, meaning “to call out” or “to summon.” It was originally a shout to get someone’s attention, not necessarily a polite greeting. Imagine a medieval Spanish merchant shouting “¡Ola!” across a bustling market to flag down a buyer. Fast forward to the 19th century, and it evolved into the polite hola we know today.

Why does this matter? Because understanding that hola was once a “hey, you!” shout helps explain why it’s so versatile. It’s not just a greeting; it’s an attention graber that softened over centuries.

In contrast, the time-specific greetings like Buenos días are rooted in the Latin bonos dies (good days). The use of the plural is a linguistic fossil from Latin, where the concept of “good days” implied a wish for the entire day to be good, not just the current moment.

“Spanish greetings are always in the plural (‘Good days’), but you might occasionally hear the singular ‘buen día’ instead of ‘buenos días’.” — The Spanish Experiment

While you might hear a local in Mexico City say “buen día,” stick to “buenos días” if you want to sound authentic. The singular form is often a sign of a learner or a very specific regional dialect that hasn’t fully taken over the mainstream.

🗣️ The Ultimate Guide: 20+ Ways to Say Hello in Spanish


Video: Karol G, Ozuna – Hello (Official Video).








We promised you more than the standard “14 ways” you might find elsewhere. Why? Because Spanish is a living, breathing language with over 50 million speakers across 21 countries. A greeting in Madrid sounds nothing like one in Buenos Aires or Bogotá.

Let’s break down the 20+ ways to say hello, categorized by vibe, region, and formality.

1. Hola: The Universal Standard

The bedrock of Spanish greetings. It’s neutral, safe, and works everywhere.

  • Usage: Anytime, anywhere.
  • Vibe: Neutral.
  • Example: “¡Hola! ¿Cómo estás?”

2. Buenos Días: Morning Magic

Used from sunrise until noon (12:0 PM).

  • Usage: Formal and informal.
  • Vibe: Polite and energetic.
  • Note: Always plural! “Buenos” (masculine plural) matches “días” (masculine plural).

3. Buenas Tardes: Afternoon Affability

From noon until sunset.

  • Usage: Formal and informal.
  • Vibe: Relaxed but respectful.
  • Fun Fact: In Spain, the afternoon is long, so buenas tardes can last until 8 or 9 PM in summer!

4. Buenas Noches: Evening Elegance

Used after sunset.

  • Usage: Both a greeting and a farewell.
  • Vibe: Calm and formal.
  • Insight: Unlike English, where “Good night” is only for leaving, in Spanish, you say buenas noches when you arrive at a dinner party after dark.

5. ¿Qué tal?: The Casual Classic

The equivalent of “What’s up?” or “How’s it going?”

  • Usage: Informal.
  • Vibe: Friendly, low pressure.
  • Response: You can just say “Bien” or “Todo bien.” No need for a life story.

6. ¿Cómo estás?: Asking “How Are You?”

The direct translation of “How are you?”

  • Usage: Informal (using ).
  • Vibe: Personal and caring.
  • Formal Version: ¿Cómo está usted? (Use this with elders or strangers).

7. ¿Qué hay de nuevo?: What’s New?

Literally “What is there new?”

  • Usage: Informal.
  • Vibe: Curious, looking for updates.
  • Context: Great for catching up with friends you haven’t seen in a while.

8. ¡Qué onda!: The Mexican Wave

A staple of Mexican Spanish.

  • Usage: Very informal.
  • Vibe: Cool, laid-back.
  • Meaning: “What’s the wave?” or “What’s happening?”
  • Warning: Don’t use this in a board meeting in Madrid!

9. ¿Qué pasa?: What’s Happening?

Common in Spain and parts of Latin America.

  • Usage: Informal.
  • Vibe: Casual, sometimes implies “What’s wrong?” depending on tone.
  • Response: “Nada, ¿y tú?” (Nothing, and you?).

10. ¿Qué cuentas?: What’s the Gossip?

Literally “What do you count/tell?”

  • Usage: Informal.
  • Vibe: Intimate, implies you have news to share.
  • Context: Best used with close friends.

1. ¡Buenas!: The Super Short Greeting

A shortened version of buenos días/tardes/noches.

  • Usage: Informal, very common in Spain.
  • Vibe: Quick, friendly.
  • Example: Walking into a shop? Just say “¡Buenas!”

12. ¿Qué hubo?: The Colombian Cool

Popular in Colombia and parts of Central America.

  • Usage: Informal.
  • Vibe: Chill, like “What’s up?”
  • Origin: Short for ¿Qué hubo de nuevo?

13. ¿Qué más?: The Caribbean Vibe

Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, Venezuela.

  • Usage: Informal.
  • Vibe: “What else is new?”
  • Response: “Nada más” (Nothing else).

14. ¿Qué me cuentas?: Catching Up

Similar to ¿Qué cuentas? but slightly more engaging.

  • Usage: Informal.
  • Vibe: “Tell me what’s going on.”

15. ¡Saludos!: Formal Salutations

“Salutations!”

  • Usage: Formal or written.
  • Vibe: Professional, distant.
  • Context: Often used in emails or letters.

16. ¡Hola, qué tal!: The Double Greeting

Combining the universal with the casual.

  • Usage: Informal.
  • Vibe: Enthusiastic.
  • Example: “¡Hola, qué tal! ¿Todo bien?”

17. ¿Cómo te va?: How’s it Going?

Literally “How does it go for you?”

  • Usage: Informal.
  • Vibe: Friendly inquiry into general well-being.

18. ¿Qué tal todo?: How’s Everything?

Asking about the whole picture.

  • Usage: Informal.
  • Vibe: Warm, inclusive.

19. ¡Buenas tardes, hola!: Mixing Formal and Informal

A bit redundant but used for emphasis in some regions.

  • Usage: Informal/Coloquial.
  • Vibe: Very friendly, sometimes used to soften a formal greeting.

20. ¡Hola, amigo/a!: Hello, Friend!

Adding a term of endearment.

  • Usage: Informal.
  • Vibe: Warm, welcoming.
  • Note: Be careful with amigo in business settings; it can sound too familiar too soon.

21. Regional Gems: Unique Greetings Across Latin America and Spain

This is where the magic happens. Spanish is not a monolith; it’s a mosaic.

  • Argentina/Uruguay: ¿Cómo andás? (How are you walking/doing?) – Uses voseo.
  • Chile: ¿Qué hubo? or ¿Aló? (on the phone).
  • Spain: ¿Qué hay? or ¿Qué tal?
  • Mexico: ¿Qué onda? or ¿Qué tranza? (very slangy).
  • Caribbean: ¿Qué lo que? (Dominican Republic).

“As well as being a farewell, ‘good night’ in Spanish (buenas noches) is a way to say hello in many countries after the sun goes down.” — Lingvist

🤝 Mastering the Art of Spanish Handshakes, Kisses, and Hugs


Video: Learn Spanish Greetings | English to Spanish | Rock ‘N Learn.








Words are only half the battle. In the Spanish-speaking world, physical proximity is a language of its own. If you stand too far away, you might seem cold. If you stand too close, you might seem aggressive. It’s a delicate dance.

The “Besos” (Kisses)

In Spain and many Latin American countries, a simple handshake is often reserved formal business settings or first meetings between men. Between friends, family, and even new acquaintances, the air kiss is standard.

  • Spain: One kiss on the right cheek, then one on the left.
  • Latin America: Often just one kiss on the right cheek, but it varies by country.
  • The Rule: Wait for the other person to lean in. If they lean left, you go left. If they hesitate, a handshake is a safe backup.

The Handshake

  • Firmness: A firm handshake is appreciated, but don’t crush bones.
  • Duration: Hold it a second longer than you might in the US or UK. It shows warmth.
  • Eye Contact: Crucial! Looking away while shaking hands can be interpreted as dishonesty or disinterest.

The Embrace (Abrazo)

Among close friends and family, a full hug is common.

  • Context: Usually after a long absence or in very casual settings.
  • Gender: Men hugging men is common in Latin America (especially Argentina and Mexico) but less so in Spain unless they are very close friends.

“Even if you’re feeling really terrible, it’s bad form to ever come straight out and say ‘mal’ (‘bad’).” — The Spanish Experiment

This cultural nuance extends to greetings. You might be having a terrible day, but the greeting ritual demands positivity. If someone asks ¿Cómo estás?, the expected answer is Bien or Todo bien, even if your life is falling apart. It’s a social lubricant, not a therapy session.

👋 How to Say Goodbye in Spanish: From “Adiós” to “Hasta Luego”


Video: ¡Hola! | Canciones Infantiles | Super Simple Español.








Just as we have a plethora of helos, our goodbyes are equally diverse. And here’s a secret: Adiós is actually a bit dramatic.

The “Adiós” Trap

  • Meaning: “To God” (a la Dios).
  • Implication: It implies you might not see the person for a long time, or ever again.
  • Usage: Use it for final farewells, like leaving a country or ending a relationship.
  • Avoid: Don’t say Adiós when leaving a coffee shop for a 10-minute break!

The “Hasta” Family

The word Hasta (until) is your best friend. It’s adaptable, friendly, and implies a future meeting.

  • Hasta luego: See you later (Standard).
  • Hasta pronto: See you soon (Implies a shorter timeframe).
  • Hasta mañana: See you tomorrow.
  • Hasta la vista: See you (made famous by Terminator, but used casually in some regions).
  • Hasta ahora: See you in a bit.

The Casual “Chao”

  • Origin: Borrowed from the Italian ciao.
  • Usage: Very informal, used with friends and family.
  • Region: Common in Argentina, Chile, and parts of Central America. Less common in Spain (where nos vemos is preferred).

The “Nos Vemos”

  • Meaning: “We’ll see each other.”
  • Usage: Neutral, very common in Spain and Latin America.
  • Vibe: Casual but not as final as Adiós.

“It’s well worth getting familiar with Hasta. It’s very adaptable and useful for saying goodbye, and it’s easy to remember.” — The Spanish Experiment

🎓 Free Spanish Lessons and Interactive Tools for Beginners


Video: Greetings in Spanish | Spanish for Kids.







Ready to practice? You don’t need to spend a fortune to master these greetings. Here are our top picks for free and low-cost resources that actually work.

Apps & Platforms

  • Duolingo: Great for gamified basics. Good for memorizing hola and buenos días, but lacks cultural nuance.
  • Lingvist: Focuses on frequency and context. As they say, “Become familiar with Spanish pronunciation and vocabulary by learning Spanish online with Lingvist.”
  • Anki: Flashcard app. Create your own decks for regional greetings.
  • HelloTalk / Tandem: Language exchange apps. Chat with real natives. Perfect for testing ¿Qué tal? in real-time.

Online Courses

  • Spanish Scholar™: Our own courses are designed by native speakers to bridge the gap between textbook Spanish and real-life conversation. Check out our Spanish Language Learning category for structured paths.
  • Rocket Spanish: Excellent for audio-based learning and cultural insights.
  • Busuu: Offers community feedback on your writing and speaking.

YouTube Channels

  • Buterfly Spanish: Fantastic for pronunciation and cultural tips.
  • Spanish with Paul: Great for grammar and vocabulary in context.

📚 Spanish Children’s Stories to Practice Greetings


Video: Hello – Karol G, Ozuna 「Letra Lyrics」.








Learning doesn’t have to be boring. Children’s stories are a goldmine for repetitive, simple greetings.

  • “Donde está Wally?” (Where’s Waldo?): A classic for spotting characters and saying ¡Hola!
  • “El Principito” (The Little Prince): While not for toddlers, the simple language is perfect for beginners to practice formal and informal greetings.
  • “La Cebra Camila”: A popular Latin American series with simple dialogues.

Pro Tip: Read these stories aloud. The rhythm of the language is just as important as the words.

📝 Top-Rated Spanish Course Reviews for Deepening Your Greeting Skills


Video: Christian Alicea – Hello, What’s Up (Video Oficial).








We’ve tested dozens of courses. Here’s our take on the ones that actually teach you how to speak Spanish, not just recite it.

Course Best For Pros Cons
Spanish Scholar™ Cultural Nuance & Conversation Native speakers, real-life scenarios, focus on vs. usted. Less gamified than apps.
Rocket Spanish Audio Learning Excellent pronunciation drills, cultural notes. Can be expensive.
Pimsleur Speaking Confidence Focuses on speaking from day one. Limited vocabulary depth.
Duolingo Daily Habit Free, fun, easy to start. Lacks context for greetings.

Our Recommendation: If you want to sound natural and avoid the “20-millisecond gap” that makes people switch to English, Spanish Scholar™ is your best bet. We focus on the why behind the words, not just the what.

💡 Common Mistakes to Avoid When Saying Hello in Spanish


Video: Hello Good Morning / Buenos Días | (Frère Jacques) Nursery Rhyme | Spanish & English | Canticos.








Even advanced learners trip over these pitfalls. Let’s fix them now.

  1. Saying “Buen Día” instead of “Buenos Días”: As mentioned, the plural is standard.
  2. Using “Adiós” for a quick goodbye: It sounds too final. Use Hasta luego or Nos vemos.
  3. Ignoring the “Tú/Usted” distinction: Using with a professor or elder is a faux pas. When in doubt, start with usted.
  4. Answering “¿Cómo estás?” with a novel: Keep it brief. Bien, gracias is enough.
  5. Forgetting the regional flavor: Don’t use ¿Qué onda? in a formal meeting in Madrid.

“Avoid saying ‘mal’ (‘bad’) directly, as it is considered ‘bad form’.” — The Spanish Experiment

🌍 Cultural Nuances: When to Use “Tú” vs. “Usted” in Greetings


Video: Learn Spanish – How to Greet People in Spanish.








This is the bigest hurdle for learners. The choice between (informal) and usted (formal) defines your relationship with the person you’re greeting.

The “Tú” Zone

  • Who: Friends, family, children, peers, people your age.
  • Context: Casual settings, bars, parties.
  • Vibe: Intimate, friendly.

The “Usted” Zone

  • Who: Elders, strangers, superiors, customers, officials.
  • Context: Business, formal events, first meetings.
  • Vibe: Respectful, distant.

The Gray Area

In some countries like Argentina, Uruguay, and parts of Central America, vos is used instead of . In Spain, vosotros is the informal plural, while ustedes is formal (and informal in Latin America).

“Spanish greetings vary widely, depending on the time of day, context, and your relationship with the person.” — Lingvist

Rule of Thumb: If you’re unsure, ask: ¿Podemos tutearnos? (Can we use ?). It shows respect and gives the other person the choice.

🎧 Listening Practice: Real-Life Audio Examples of Spanish Greetings


Video: Adele- Hello (Versión en español) Hola.








You can read about it all day, but you need to hear it.

  • Forvo: A pronunciation dictionary where natives record words. Search for hola, buenos días, ¿qué tal?
  • SpanishDict: Offers audio clips for phrases and sentences.
  • Podcasts: Coffee Break Spanish and Notes in Spanish have episodes dedicated to greetings.

Exercise: Listen to a native speaker say ¿Qué tal? and try to mimic the intonation. Notice how the pitch rises at the end? That’s the question mark in your voice!

🏆 Conclusion

text

So, there you have it. From the ancient roots of hola to the modern nuances of ¿qué onda?, we’ve covered every angle of saying hello in Spanish. Remember, language is more than just vocabulary; it’s about connection. Whether you’re greeting a shopkeeper in Madrid with a ¡Buenas! or catching up with an old friend in Mexico City with a ¿Qué tal?, the goal is to bridge the gap.

Key Takeaways:

  • Hola is your safety net.
  • Buenos días/tardes/noches are time-specific and always plural.
  • Tú vs. Usted is the key to respect.
  • Regional variations make Spanish rich and diverse.
  • Practice is the only way to master the rhythm.

Don’t let the fear of making mistakes stop you. Even if you mess up the tú/usted distinction, a smile and a ¡Hola! will get you far. And remember, if you ever get stuck, just say ¿Perdón? and try again.

Ready to take your Spanish to the next level? Check out our Spanish Conversation Practice resources and start speaking like a local today!

❓ FAQ: Frequently Asked Questions About Saying Hello in Spanish

people standing near building

Can I learn Spanish online and become proficient in the language?

Absolutely. With the right mix of apps, courses, and conversation practice, you can achieve fluency. The key is consistency. As noted by Lingvist, mastering the “20-millisecond rule” of conversation requires regular exposure. Combine structured learning (like Spanish Scholar™) with real-life practice on apps like HelloTalk.

What are some formal and informal ways to say goodbye in Spanish?

  • Formal: Hasta luego, Hasta pronto, Adiós (use with caution), Que tenga un buen día.
  • Informal: Chao, Nos vemos, Hasta mañana, ¡Cuídate! (Take care).

Read more about “15+ Ways to Respond to “Hola” Like a Native (2026) 🇪🇸”

How to respond to greetings in Spanish?

  • To “Hola”: Hola, ¡Hola!, Buenos días.
  • To “¿Cómo estás?”: Bien, gracias, ¿y tú?, Todo bien, Aquí estamos (for “so-so”).
  • To “¿Qué tal?”: Bien, Nada nuevo, Todo bien.

Read more about “8+ Ways to Say Thank You in Spanish: The Ultimate Guide (2026) 🇪🇸”

How to pronounce hello in Spanish correctly?

  • H is silent.
  • O sounds like the “o” in “go” but shorter.
  • L is clear, not dark like in English.
  • A sounds like the “a” in “father”.
  • Result: Oh-lah.

Read more about “🌅 Good Morning in Spanish: 10+ Ways to Say It Right (2026)”

What are common Spanish greetings and phrases used in everyday conversations?

  • ¿Qué pasa? (What’s happening?)
  • ¿Qué cuentas? (What’s new?)
  • Mucho gusto (Nice to meet you).
  • Encantado/a (Charmed).
  • Igualmente (Likewise).

Read more about “Say Hi in Spanish: 15 Ways to Greet Like a Native (2026) 👋”

How can I learn Spanish greetings and phrases online for free?

  • Duolingo: Free basics.
  • YouTube: Channels like Buterfly Spanish.
  • Forvo: Free pronunciation.
  • Spanish Scholar™: Free blog posts and resources.

Read more about “Master 250+ Basic Spanish Conversation Phrases in 2025! 🇪🇸”

What are some cultural differences in greetings in Spanish-speaking countries?

  • Spain: Two kisses.
  • Latin America: One kiss or handshake.
  • Argentina: Voseo (using vos instead of ).
  • Colombia: Very formal, often using usted even with friends.

Read more about “🇪🇸 Master Formal & Informal Spanish Greetings: The Ultimate 2026 Guide”

Can I use hello in Spanish at any time of the day?

Yes, Hola is universal. However, Buenos días, Buenas tardes, and Buenas noches are time-specific. Buenas noches is unique as it works for both greeting and leaving.

Read more about “🎉 25+ Ways to Say Happy Birthday in Spanish (2026)”

How to respond to hello in Spanish in a conversation?

Keep it simple. Hola, ¿cómo estás? -> Bien, gracias, ¿y tú? If you don’t know the person well, stick to Mucho gusto and ¿Cómo se llama?

Read more about “🤝 15+ Ways to Say Hi in Spanish (Formal & Respectful)”

What is the pronunciation of hello in Spanish?

As mentioned, H is silent. It’s pronounced OH-lah. Stress the first syllable.

Read more about “Unlocking “20” in Spanish: 20 Secrets to Master Veinte Like a Pro! 🎯 (2026)”

What are common Spanish greetings used in different countries?

  • Mexico: ¿Qué onda?
  • Colombia: ¿Qué hubo?
  • Argentina: ¿Cómo andás?
  • Spain: ¿Qué tal?

Read more about “Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday… Sunday in Spanish: 7 Days You Must Know! 🇪🇸 (2026)”

How do you say hello in Spanish formally and informally?

  • Formal: Buenos días, ¿cómo está usted?
  • Informal: Hola, ¿qué tal?

Read more about “What Is the Spanish Phrase for “My Name Is”? 7 Must-Know Ways! 🇪🇸 (2025)”

Should I say hola or hello?

Always say Hola in Spanish-speaking countries. Using Hello might be understood but marks you as a foreigner immediately.

Read more about “Should I say hola or hello?”

What is a Spanish greeting?

A Spanish greeting is a verbal and often physical expression of welcome, respect, or friendship, varying by time of day, region, and relationship.

Read more about “What is a Spanish greeting?”

¿Cómo se dese a Hello in spanish?

¿Cómo se dice “Hello” en español? -> Hola.

Read more about “¿Cómo se dese a Hello in spanish?”

Spanish Teacher Team
Spanish Teacher Team

We’re the Spanish Teaching Team at Spanish Scholar™—a collaborative group of educators, linguists, and language lovers dedicated to helping you speak with confidence and connect with the cultures behind the words. Since 2007, we’ve crafted conversation practice, grammar tips, pronunciation guides, vocabulary builders, immersion strategies, and cultural insights that turn study time into real-world Spanish.

Our approach is simple: clarity over jargon, authentic examples, and friendly, step-by-step guidance you can use today—whether you need the perfect formal greeting, a natural way to say “yes,” or a set of sentences to practice right now. Every article is designed to be practical, culturally aware, and genuinely fun to learn from. Join us as we make Spanish more understandable, more usable, and more you. ¡Vamos!

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